Hi. Came across this...
I realise this is mostly about BCG therapy, but the statement "Unfortunately, a sensitive and specific biomarker for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has not been discovered" caught my eye.
Someone may have more insight into this than me?
https://www.urologytimes.com/article...biome/page/0/1
"Current gold standard follow-up involves regular cystoscopic evaluation with visual inspection for disease recurrence. Although cystoscopy is associated with minimal morbidity, it remains invasive, and detection of recurrence is surgeon dependent.
Given the limitations of cystoscopy, a multitude of complementary tests (urine cytology, fluorescence in situ hybridization, cytokine and genetic profiling) have been investigated as potential biomarkers to predict nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) responsiveness, recurrence, and progression. Unfortunately, a sensitive and specific biomarker for NMIBC has not been discovered."
"To date, no biomarker has shown high enough predictive value to warrant widespread clinical use (Eur Urol 2018; 73:738-48)."
https://www.europeanurology.com/arti...850-3/fulltext
https://www.urologytimes.com/article...ary-microbiome